Review Articles
Burning issues in acute heart failure management
South African Family Practice | Vol 61, No 6 : November/December| a5063 |
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/safp.v61i6.5063
| © 2019 J. A. Ker, K. Outhoff
| This work is licensed under CC Attribution 4.0
Submitted: 11 December 2019 | Published: 09 December 2019
Submitted: 11 December 2019 | Published: 09 December 2019
About the author(s)
J. A. Ker, University of Pretoria, South AfricaK. Outhoff, University of Pretoria, South Africa
Full Text:
PDF (63KB)Abstract
In general, heart failure is the end-stage manifestation of cardiovascular disease and is an important and increasing cause of morbidity worldwide. Acute heart failure, whether of new onset or an exacerbation of chronic heart failure, causes sudden congestion, typically presenting as pulmonary oedema. The mortality associated with acute heart failure is extremely high. Potentially life-saving treatments and other burning issues are highlighted in this review.
Keywords
Acute heart failure; pulmonary oedema; N-terminal pro-brain-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP); loop diuretics; ivabradine; angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI)
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